Following the Disney animator's strike in 1941 (where many animators left the studio as a result of the slow formation of The Screen Cartoonist Guild) John Hubley (a former Disney employee) formed United Productions of America (UPA) was formed. Most of the animators that left Disney joined this new studio as a way of protesting agains Disney and because of the need of finding a new job.
UPA pioneered a new approach to animation- "limited animation", where the aim was to lower production costs by having fewer than 25 frames per second, reusing stock animation, animating only certain parts of characters (like arms , legs , or mouths) and paying little attention to perpective and realism.
The animators experimented with the style and developed abstract and symbolic animations that focused more on content rather than form.
Chuck Jones was one of the first animators to try limited animation in the animated short, "The Dover Boys of Pimento University":
"Gerald McBoing Boing" was the first of UPA's successes. It won an Academy Award in 1950:
Mr. Magoo was one of the most beloved stars from UPA:
The revolutionary new way of animating that was started UPA has forever transformed the world of animation. Most 2D animations nowadays using limited animation.
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